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Seizures &
Diagnosis

Seizures caused by abnormal brain activity can be divided into two groups, focal seizures and generalised seizures.

epilepsy-explainer
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feel a lack of information and resources are barriers to accessing support or treatment they need
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of people with epilepsy experience stigma, ranging from subtle biases to significant misunderstanding.

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Nearly 2 in 3 people emphasise the urgent need for more community support and understanding to improve their quality of life
Infographic showing three human figures representing people affected by epilepsy
the-brain-epilepsy

Types of Seizures

Seizures occur due to abnormal brain activity and are grouped into focal and generalised types.

Focal seizures affect one area of the brain, while generalised seizures involve the whole brain.
Each type causes different symptoms, from changes in awareness to muscle stiffness or jerking movements.

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Focal seizure

These seizures are caused by abnormal brain activity in one area of your brain and may or may not involve a loss of consciousness.
In cases where you do experience a change or loss of consciousness, you may stare into space, respond abnormally to your environment or perform repetitive movements, such as chewing, hand rubbing, swallowing or walking in circles.
In cases where you do not lose consciousness, you may experience a change in your emotions, senses (sight, smell, hearing, taste or touch) or ability to control your body movements e.g. involuntary jerking of a body part. You may also feel dizzy or tingly, or see flashing lights.
A seizure usually lasts a few seconds or minutes and stops by itself.

You might be aware of having a seizure and remember it afterwards, or you might not.